Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

The phlebotomine sand fly fauna of the State of Minas Gerais is presented based on an extensive review of the literature. The fauna, which is a rich one, is currently known to consist of at least 93 species included in 16 genera. The genus Evandromyia (16 spp.) is the most representative one, followed by Micropygomyia (13 spp.), Psathyromyia (12 spp.), Brumptomyia (11 spp.), Pintomyia (9 spp.), Lutzomyia (7 spp.), Psychodopygus (7 spp.), Martinsmyia (4 spp.), Nyssomyia (3 spp.), Deanemyia (2 spp.), Expapillata (2 spp.), Pressatia (2 spp.), and Sciopemyia (2 spp.). The genera Bichromomyia, Trichopygomyia, and Migonemyia are represented by only one species. An updated list of phlebotomine sand fly species occurring in Minas Gerais is provided. Finally, the importance of the species of public health concern is discussed.

Contribution to the Knowledge of the Phlebotomine Sand Flies Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) of Timóteo Municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil / Contribuição para o Conhecimento da Fauna de Flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae), do Município de Timóteo, MG

An investigation of the phlebotomine sandfloy fauna in the municipality of Timóteo, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was undertaken with New Jersey traps placed in seven neighborhoods from December 2005 to January 2006. A total of 2,289 phlebotomine sandfloy specimens were recorded. Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (48.1 percent), Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva) (36.8 percent) and Micropygomyia quinquefer (Dyar) (7.1 percent) were the most abundant species sampled. Some sandfloy species that play a role in the transmission of Leishmania Ross in the State of Minas Gerais were recorded and their importance to public health is highlighted. Pintomyia bianchigalatiae (Andrade Filho, Aguiar, Dias & Falcão), Micropygomyia capixaba (Dias, Falcão, Silva & Martins), Micropygomyia schreiberi (Martins, Falcão & Silva) and Psathyromyia pascalei (Coutinho & Barretto) are recorded for the first time in the municipality of Timóteo, and Pressatia choti (Floch & Abonnenc) is recorded for the first time in the State of Minas Gerais.

Foi realizada uma investigação sobre a fauna de flebotomíneos no município de Timóteo, MG, com a instalação de armadilhas do tipo New Jersey, em sete bairros, entre dezembro de 2005 e janeiro de 2006. O total de 2.289 espécimes de flebotomíneos foi registrado. Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (48,1 por cento), Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva) (36,8 por cento) e Micropygomyia quinquefer (Dyar) (7,1 por cento) foram as espécies mais abundantes. Algumas espécies de flo ebotomíneos incriminadas como transmissoras de Leishmania em Minas Gerais foram registradas e a importância destas para saúde pública é destacada. Neste trabalho faz-se o primeiro registro de Pintomyia bianchigalatiae (Andrade Filho, Aguiar, Dias & Falcão), Micropygomyia capixaba (Dias, Falcão, Silva & Martins), Micropygomyia schreiberi (Martins, Falcão & Silva) e Psathyromyia pascalei (Coutinho & Barretto) para Timóteo. Pressatia choti (Floch & Abonnenc) é registrada pela primeira vez para Minas Gerais.

Are light traps baited with kairomones effective in the capture of Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia intermedia? An evaluation of synthetic human odor as an attractant for phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

Phlebotomine sand flies are often captured with human bait and/or light traps, either with or without an animal bait. More recently, synthetic attractants have been used as bait in traps to improve the capture of phlebotomine sand flies as well as other insects of medical and veterinary importance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the kairomone 1-octen-3-ol (octenol) and the synthetic human odor BG-Mesh LureTM (BGML - lactic acid, caproic acid and ammonia) baited in modified CDC light traps on the capture of phlebotomine sand flies. The experiments followed the 5x5 Latin square design. Among the species caught, Lutzomyia intermedia apparently presented a dose-dependent response to octenol. The response obtained with the BGML, alone or in combination with octenol (5 mg/h), indicated some degree of attractiveness of these baits to different phlebotomine sand fly species. Octenol seems to be more attractive to L. intermedia than to Lutzomyia longipalpis, while the BGML presented a higher success in capturing L. longipalpis. When the components of the BGML were used separately, there was no increase in catching the female of L. intermedia. Apparently, there was no synergistic effect between the octenol and the BGML. In conclusion, the octenol and the BGML were demonstrated to be possible baits to attract some phlebotomine sand fly species.

Quatro novos registros da fauna flebotomínica do gênero Lutzomyia França (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) do distrito rural de Brejo do Mutambal, Varzelândia, MG / Four new records of the phlebotominic fauna of the Genus Lutzomyia França (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) of the rural district of Brejo do Mutambal, Varzelândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Durante os meses de abril e maio de 2006 foram realizados experimentos em Brejo do Mutambal, município de Varzelândia, MG para avaliar a atratividade de flebotomíneos a cairomônios iscados em armadilhas luminosas do tipo CDC. Das 19 espécies do gênero Lutzomyia já registradas para a região, L. lutziana (Costa Lima), L. longipennis (Barreto), L. goiana (Martins, Falcão & Silva) e L. brasiliensis (Costa Lima) foram registradas pela primeira vez, aumentando a diversidade da fauna de flebotomíneos do município para 23 espécies. As espécies relatadas como primeiros registros e sua distribuição são citadas e discutidas.

During April and May 2006, experiments were carried out in Brejo do Mutambal, Varzelândia Town, Minas Gerais State, to evaluate the attractiveness of phlebotomine sandflies to CDC light traps, baited with kairomones. Of the 19 species of Lutzomyia already registered for the region, L. lutziana (Costa Lima), L. longipennis (Barreto), L. goiana (Martins, Falcão & Silva) and L. brasiliensis (Costa Lima) were recorded for the first time, thus increasing the diversity of phlebotomine sandflies fauna in this area to 23 species. The new registered species and distribution are shown and discussed herein.